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Numenius hudsonicus

Latham, 1790

Hudsonian Whimbrel

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Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.793078
Element CodeABNNF07022
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderCharadriiformes
FamilyScolopacidae
GenusNumenius
Synonyms
Numenius phaeopus hudsonicusLatham, 1790
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Taxon hudsonicus (polytypic, including rufiventris) is treated as a species separate from Numenius phaeopus based on morphology and deep genomic DNA divergence (McLaughlin et al. 2020, Gill et al. 2023, Tan et al. 2023, AviList 2025, Skeel et al. 2025). However, vocalizations seem similar, and a formal bioacoustic analysis is lacking (AviList 2025).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNRB,NNRN
ProvinceRankNative
OhioSNAYes
MichiganSNRNYes
IowaS1NYes
UtahSNAYes
PennsylvaniaS2MYes
New YorkSNRNYes
NebraskaSNRNYes
CaliforniaSNRNYes
MarylandS2MYes
South CarolinaS2NYes
GeorgiaS3Yes
AlaskaSNRBYes
WashingtonS3NYes
North CarolinaSNAYes
MontanaSNAYes
MississippiSNAYes
OregonSNAYes
WisconsinSNAYes
KansasS2NYes
New JerseyS4NYes
MaineS2NYes
MassachusettsS3NYes
ColoradoSNAYes
DelawareS1MYes
IdahoSNAYes
LouisianaS3MYes
District of ColumbiaS1NYes
MissouriSNAYes
WyomingS4NYes
Navajo NationS2MYes
New HampshireSNAYes
NevadaSNAYes
VirginiaSNAYes
ArizonaS2MYes
Rhode IslandS3NYes
OklahomaS1NYes
AlabamaS3NYes
FloridaS2NYes
TexasS4Yes
MinnesotaSNRMYes
ConnecticutSNAYes
CanadaN3B,N4M
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS3MYes
Island of NewfoundlandS2MYes
AlbertaSUMYes
Yukon TerritoryS3BYes
Nova ScotiaS2MYes
Prince Edward IslandS2MYes
NunavutS3BYes
New BrunswickS3MYes
OntarioS3B,S4MYes
ManitobaS3BYes
SaskatchewanS4MYes
LabradorS3MYes
Northwest TerritoriesS3Yes
British ColumbiaS1B,SNRMYes
References (8)
  1. American Ornithological Society (AOS). Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Sixty-third Supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds. Ornithology 139:1-13.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. AviList Core Team. 2025. AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025. https://doi.org/10.2173/avilist.v2025 [Note this is no longer the most current version of the AviList checklist, see W25AVI02NAUS].
  4. Gill, F., D. Donsker, and P. Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v13.1). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.1.
  5. McLaughlin, J. F., B. C. Faircloth, T. C. Glenn, and K. Winker. 2020. Divergence, gene flow, and speciation in eight lineages of trans-Beringian birds. Molecular Ecology 29(18):3526-3542.
  6. Skeel, M. A., E. P. Mallory, and P. Pyle. 2025. Hudsonian Whimbrel (Numenius hudsonicus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman and M. G. Smith, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whimbr3.01
  7. Tan, H. Z., E. Ying Xin Ng, Q. Tang, G. A. Allport, J. Jansen, P. S. Tomkovich, and F. E. Rheindt. 2019. Population genomics of two congeneric Palaearctic shorebirds reveals differential impacts of Quaternary climate oscillations across habitats types. Scientific Reports 9(1):18172.
  8. Tan, H. Z., J. JFJ Jansen, G. A. Allport, K. M. Garg, B. Chattopadhyay, M. Irestedt, S. EH Pang, G. Chilton, C. Yin Gwee, and F. E. Rheindt. 2023. Megafaunal extinctions, not climate change, may explain Holocene genetic diversity declines in Numenius shorebirds. Elife 12:e85422.