Calochortus palmeri

S. Wats.

Palmer's Mariposa Lily

G3Vulnerable Found in 29 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G3VulnerableGlobal Rank
HighThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.135629
Element CodePMLIL0D120
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderLiliales
FamilyLiliaceae
GenusCalochortus
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2026-03-20
Change Date2016-03-23
Edition Date2026-03-20
Edition AuthorsRusso, Mary (TNC WRO, 1989), rev. L. Oliver (2003), rev. Soteropoulos (2026)
Threat ImpactHigh
Range Extent20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 - 300
Rank Reasons
Calochortus palmeri is a perennial herb found in mesic habitats, in meadows, grassy knolls, seeps, as well as along creeks or swales, and vernally moist places in yellow pine forest, lower montane coniferous forest, pinyon woodland, and chaparral. It is endemic to the western United States in nine counties of southwestern California. There are an estimated 100 occurrences, which face threats from development, grazing, non-native species, recreational activities (including trampling by hikers and damage by off-road vehicles), road associated threats including maintenance, dozer lines, mining, altered hydrology, fuel treatments and fire salvage, logging, and pollution. Trends suggest a decline of over 30% of occurrences. Monitoring of populations should be conducted to improve our understanding of reproduction, plant abundance, threats, and trends, as well as continuing conservation measures to protect the taxon.
Range Extent Comments
Calochortus palmeri is endemic to the western United States in southwestern California, where it has been documented in Kern, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties (FNA 2002, CNPS 2026). Range extent was estimated to be 51,932 square kilometers using herbarium specimens and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (RARECAT 2025, GBIF 2026, NatureServe 2026, SEINet 2026).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are approximately 100 occurrences rangewide (RARECAT 2025, GBIF 2026, NatureServe 2026, SEINet 2026).
Threat Impact Comments
This taxon faces threats from development, grazing, non-native species (Bromus tectorum), recreational activities (including trampling by hikers and damage by off-road vehicles), road associated threats including maintenance, Dozer lines, mining, altered hydrology, fuel treatments and fire salvage, logging, and pollution.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Calochortus palmeri grows in mesic habitats, in meadows, grassy knolls, seeps, as well as along creeks or swales, and vernally moist places in yellow pine forest, lower montane coniferous forest, pinyon woodland, and chaparral at elevations of 195 to 2,530 m (FNA 2002, CNDDB 2026, Jepson Flora Project 2026).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - ConiferWoodland - ConiferShrubland/chaparralGrassland/herbaceous
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN3
ProvinceRankNative
CaliforniaSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentSmall (1-10%)Extreme - seriousHigh (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureSmall (1-10%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
2.3 - Livestock farming & ranchingSmall (1-10%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
3 - Energy production & miningSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
3.2 - Mining & quarryingSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
4 - Transportation & service corridorsRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - moderateHigh (continuing)
4.1 - Roads & railroadsRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - moderateHigh (continuing)
5 - Biological resource useSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
5.3 - Logging & wood harvestingSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceLarge (31-70%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activitiesLarge (31-70%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
7 - Natural system modificationsRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
7.2 - Dams & water management/useSmall (1-10%)UnknownUnknown
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
8.1.1 - Unspecified speciesSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9 - PollutionSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9.1 - Domestic & urban waste waterSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (29)
California (29)
AreaForestAcres
AntimonyLos Padres National Forest40,911
Arroyo SecoAngeles National Forest4,703
Barker ValleyCleveland National Forest11,940
Cactus Springs BSan Bernardino National Forest3,106
Cahuilla MountainSan Bernardino National Forest6,952
CajonSan Bernardino National Forest7,548
CalienteCleveland National Forest5,953
City CreekSan Bernardino National Forest9,997
De La GuerraLos Padres National Forest5,418
Deep CreekSan Bernardino National Forest23,869
Garcia MountainLos Padres National Forest7,850
Granite PeakSan Bernardino National Forest450
Hixon FlatSan Bernardino National Forest8,095
Horse Creek RidgeSan Bernardino National Forest8,969
Machesna MountainLos Padres National Forest12,271
ManzanaLos Padres National Forest2,101
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
Pleasant ViewAngeles National Forest26,395
Pyramid Peak BSan Bernardino National Forest7,194
Rouse HillSan Bernardino National Forest13,745
San Gabriel AddAngeles National Forest2,527
Santa CruzLos Padres National Forest21,182
Sawmill - BadlandsLos Padres National Forest51,362
Sespe - FrazierLos Padres National Forest106,910
Strawberry PeakAngeles National Forest7,245
SugarloafSan Bernardino National Forest8,206
West ForkAngeles National Forest1,169
WestforkAngeles National Forest4,407
WoolstaffSequoia National Forest41,445
References (9)
  1. California Native Plant Society (CNPS), Rare Plant Program. 2026. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California, online edition, v9.5. Online. Available: https://www.rareplants.cnps.org (accessed 2026).
  2. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). 2026. RareFind Version 5.3.0. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.
  3. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 26. Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxvi + 723 pp.
  4. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2026. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2026).
  5. Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2026. Jepson eFlora. Online. Available: https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ (accessed 2026).
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  7. NatureServe. 2026. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  8. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2026. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2026).